Assistant Laboratory Animal Technician (ALAT) Practice Exam

Which two species are typically not fasted prior to surgery?

1. Dogs and cats

2. Rabbits and guinea pigs

3. Rodents and rabbits

4. Cats and ferrets

The correct answer is: Rodents and rabbits

The focus on which species typically do not require fasting prior to surgery directly relates to their unique physiology and dietary habits. Rodents and rabbits are both non-fasting species because of their unique digestive systems and metabolism. Rodents, such as mice and rats, have a very high metabolic rate and a continuously active gastrointestinal system. Fasting rodents can lead to serious health issues, including hypoglycemia. Their digestive processes are designed to handle small, frequent food intake, which makes fasting counterproductive and potentially harmful. Rabbits also have a distinct digestion system characterized by a high-fiber diet and a need for continuous gut movement to prevent gastrointestinal stasis. Fasting can disrupt their digestive flora and lead to severe consequences, including bloat and other gastrointestinal problems. Given their specialized diets and digestive needs, both rodents and rabbits are managed without fasting prior to surgical procedures. Understanding the fasting requirements of different species is essential for ensuring their health and welfare during surgical interventions. This information is critical for laboratory animal technicians who must adhere to species-specific protocols to provide optimal care.